DCHAS-L Archives, Nov 07 2019 - Re: [DCHAS-L] delayed acid burn

I was involved with Spill of Bromoacetic acid/ester (very corrosive and lachrymatory)

Here I compared halo acids using ViridisChem-Green Pocket book please see attached document

Bromoacetic acid showed highest toxicological score compare to fluoro, chloro and iodo acetic acids.

11/7/2019 ViridisChem Pocketbook

Chemical Name

Compare

Chemicals


Name	FLUOROACETIC ACID	chloroacetic acid		BROMOACETIC ACID		IODOACETIC ACID
Structure
Functional Groups	Carboxylic Acid	Carboxylic Acid		Carboxylic Acid		Carboxylic Acid
Identi cations
Rule of 5	true	true		true		true
Health & Safety	Danger	Danger		Danger		Danger
MW	78.04	94.50		138.95		185.95
BP	165.00 =B0 C	189.00 =B0 C		208.00 =B0 C		208.00 =B0 C
MP	35.20 =B0 C	63.00 =B0 C		49.00 =B0 C		84.00 =B0 C
VP	1.27 mm Hg	1.13 mm Hg		0.12 mm Hg		4.82 mm Hg
LogP	4.47	0.22		0.41		4.47
FlashPt	76.32 celsius	126.00 =B0 C		-33.00 =B0 C		126.09 celsius

Name	FLUOROACETIC ACID		chloroacetic acid		BROMOACETIC ACID	IODOACETIC ACID
Lethal Dose
LC50 Air	0.00		0.00		0.00	0.00
LC50 Water	17928.39 mg/L		1169.01 mg/L		1440.32 mg/L	849.21 mg/L
LC50 Soil	2173.12 mg/L					2173.12 mg/L
LD50	4.22 mg/kg		3.24 mg/kg		3.44 mg/kg	0.00 mg/kg
RfC
RfD
TLV
logKow (log P)	4.47		0.22		0.41	4.47
BAF	0.98 L/kg wet-wt		1.04 L/kg wet-wt		1.10 L/kg wet-wt	1.36 L/kg wet-wt
logBAF	-0.01		0.02		0.04	0.13
BCF	3.16 L/kg wet-wt		3.16 L/kg wet-wt		3.16 L/kg wet-wt	3.16 L/kg wet-wt
logBCF	0.50		0.50		0.50	0.50
BTF	0.09 days		0.11 days		0.08 days	0.04 days
logBTF	-1.05		-0.95		-1.09	-1.35
Henry's Const	0.00 atm-m3/mole		0.00 atm-m3/mole		0.00 atm-m3/mole	0.00 atm-m3/mole
KP	0.52 cm/hr		0.00 cm/hr		0.00 cm/hr	0.13 cm/hr
KOA	758.58		0.42		29512.09	758.58
logKOA	2.88		-0.38		4.47	2.88
KOC	79432.82 L/kg		15848.93 L/kg		39.81 L/kg	79432.82 L/kg
logKOC	4.90		4.20		1.60	4.90
OH k	0.00 cm3/molecule-sec		0.00 cm3/molecule-sec		0.00 cm3/molecule-sec	0.00 cm3/molecule-sec
OZ k	0.00 cm3/molecule-sec		0.00 cm3/molecule-sec		0.00 cm3/molecule-sec	0.00 cm3/molecule-sec
WS	1000000.00 mg/L		858000.00 mg/L		1750000.00 mg/L	1000000.00 mg/L

https://app.viridischem.com/pocketbook 1/2 11/7/2019 ViridisChem Pocketbook

Name	FLUOROACETIC ACID	chloroacetic acid	BROMOACETIC ACID	IODOACETIC ACID
Final Score	1.80	1.53	2.25	1.58
Ecological Score	1.28	1.34	1.03	1.49



Health Score	2.29	2.67	2.79	2.63
Acute Health Score
Chronic Health Score
Safety Score	2.00	1.00	4.00	1.00


Reactivity Score

https://app.viridischem.com/pocketbook

On Thursday, November 7, 2019, 07:15:00 AM PST, Monona Rossol <0000030664c37427-dmarc-request**At_Symbol_Here**lists.princeton.edu> wrote:

I think we've kind of narrowed this down to the iodoacetic acid. And a little reading would make it seem even more likely. I read a lot of stuff, but most helpful was a couple of pages in the Toxicology of Skin, Howard I. Maibach, CRC Press courtesy of Google. This book is basically on the QSAR [quantitative structure activity relationships] for various chemicals and on pp 122-123 is the following:

"R35 acids are clustered into three groups. The largest is: dichloroactic, sulphuric, trichloroacetic, nitric, trifluoroacetic acits. The group of three acids comprising chloroacetic, bromoacetic and iodoacetic acids do indeed appear to be classified as R35 as a result of their PEC50 values. The third group is formic, acetic, and hydrofluoric acids."

So in a sense, this student was working with two R35 acids -- both known to cause severe skin damage. But my guess is the student never thought of the iodoacetic acid as being as skin-damaging as sulfuric.

Now as for the delay, that is REALLY interesting. For some unknown reason, there are dozens of studies of iodoacetic acid's action on the eye. It will chew up just about every type of tissue in the eye better than anything. And there are injections into knees where it is equally devastating. They stuck this stuff everywhere they could think of. But there is a dearth of plain old "we painted in on the skin and watched" tests.

So perhaps, we have a wee tidbit of data here. Monona

-----Original Message-----
From: Yaritza Brinker <YBrinker**At_Symbol_Here**FELE.COM>
To: DCHAS-L <DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**PRINCETON.EDU>
Sent: Thu, Nov 7, 2019 5:18 am
Subject: Re: [DCHAS-L] delayed acid burn

Thinking about this a bit more, the location of the burn could be consistent with removing your gloves. I have seen plenty of people pinch their glove on the small side of their wrist, right above the location of the burn. Depending on how the student pinched the glove, it is plausible the student could have touched that location with their contaminated glove. A proper technique can be executed poorly when tired/distracted or if wearing the incorrect size glove.

Another thing to consider is iodoacetic acid is described as a white powder in the literature. Was the student wearing gloves while weighing the powder? Many people think you don=E2=80™t need to wear gloves when weighing solids.

Thank you,

Yaritza Brinker

260.827.5402

From: ACS Division of Chemical Health and Safety <DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**PRINCETON.EDU> On Behalf Of Yaritza Brinker
Sent: Wednesday, November 6, 2019 1:16 PM
To: DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**PRINCETON.EDU
Subject: Re: [DCHAS-L] delayed acid burn

** External Email **

In my experience, concentrated sulfuric will give you a stinging sensation followed by itching within seconds of exposure. If you don't do a good job at decontaminating your skin, then you can have a delayed sensation. However, it will be within the hour.

I don't have experience with iodoacetic, but the CAMEO database https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/20524 says-

Health Hazard

SYMPTOMS: Exposure to this compound may cause irritation of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes and may lead to contact dermatitis or severe burns.

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This material is capable of causing severe burns. (NTP, 1992)

SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

So, there may be a delay with this chemical.

Thank you,

Yaritza Brinker

260.827.5402

From: ACS Division of Chemical Health and Safety <DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**PRINCETON.EDU> On Behalf Of Jeffrey Lewin
Sent: Wednesday, November 6, 2019 12:20 PM
To: DCHAS-L**At_Symbol_Here**PRINCETON.EDU
Subject: Re: [DCHAS-L] delayed acid burn

** External Email **

I'm not an IH specialist, but looking at the SDS's for the acids, if the student got some sulfuric acid on the back of their glove and didn't realize it (nitrile break through is 30 minutes), it seems plausible it soaked through and cause a burn. Of course, if the glove had been compromised and leaked in through a break, the glove would just hold it against their skin.

One also wonders if there was acid used/spilled outside the area they were expecting it and managed to contaminate themselves when they were not wearing any gloves.

Jeff

From Sigma's SDS (Sulfuric acid):

Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.2 mm
Break through time: 30 min
Material tested:Dermatril =AE P (KCL 743 / Aldrich Z677388, Size M)

From Sigma's SDS (Iodic Acid):

Full contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril =AE (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)

Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril =AE (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)

On Wed, Nov 6, 2019 at 12:04 PM Wiediger, Susan <swiedig**At_Symbol_Here**siue.edu> wrote:

Howdy folks,

Asking this question on behalf of a colleague from another university (so if there are follow-up questions, there may be a communications delay in answering them):

What kinds of delayed reactions are known for iodoacetic or concentrated sulfuric acid?

Here's the background:

A graduate student was working with concentrated sulfuric acid to acidify wastewater (wastewater treatment plant effluent) samples, and spiking them with iodoacetic acid (small quantities, since it was a spike). An experienced student, who had done this before , she was wearing nitrile gloves (the typical disposable type). To the best of her knowledge, she had no skin contact with the chemicals she was using and used proper glove removal technique.

Approximately a day or so later, she noticed a blistered looking patch on the back of her hand, near the joint of the thumb and first finger bones - about the size of a nickel. It spread, and by about four days after the presumed exposure, covered approximately half of the back of the hand. On-campus medical referred to a more experienced doctor, who ended up referring the student to a hospital with burn expertise (including chemical burns). The campus EH&S felt the response was due to the sulfuric or maybe the iodoacetic acids; the hospital agreed it looked like a chemical burn. The assumption is that acid penetrated the gloves or fell off the gloves onto skin during removal.

Treatment ended up including cadaver skin transplant; the student seems to be recovering well and doing fine. However, all involved would like a better understanding of what might have happened.

Information related to the question above, or other ideas as to what else you might consider checking for possibilities, is welcomed.

Thanks,

Sue

___________________________________

Susan D. Wiediger, Ph.D.

Professor of Chemistry

Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

swiedig**At_Symbol_Here**siue.edu 618-650-3088

--- For more information about the DCHAS-L e-mail list, contact the Divisional membership chair at membership**At_Symbol_Here**dchas.org Follow us on Twitter **At_Symbol_Here**acsdchas

Jeff Lewin

Chemical Safety Officer

Research Integrity Office

Laboratory Operations

207 Advanced Technology Development Complex (ATDC)

Michigan Technological University

--- For more information about the DCHAS-L e-mail list, contact the Divisional membership chair at membership**At_Symbol_Here**dchas.org Follow us on Twitter **At_Symbol_Here**acsdchas

Electronic Transmission Confidentiality Notice

The information contained in this electronic transmission is private, confidential, the property of the sender, and intended for the use of the recipient(s), only. If you are not the addressee, any disclosure, copying, distribution or use of this information for any purpose is strictly prohibited. If you have received this information in error, please notify the sender, YBrinker**At_Symbol_Here**fele.com, immediately by e-mail and then delete this message. Thank you.
[FE.EN.1]

--- For more information about the DCHAS-L e-mail list, contact the Divisional membership chair at membership**At_Symbol_Here**dchas.org Follow us on Twitter **At_Symbol_Here**acsdchas

About This Archive \|	DCHAS-L 2019 Index \|	DCHAS-L Yearly Index
Search All Posts: Advanced Search Disclaimer